System Control Statement

 A system control statement changes the properties of the database instance.

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The only system control statement is ALTER SYSTEM. It enables you to change settings such as the minimum number of shared servers, terminate a session, and perform other system-level tasks.

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Examples of the system control statement include:

ALTER SYSTEM SWITCH LOGFILE; 

ALTER SYSTEM KILL SESSION '39, 23';

The ALTER SYSTEM statement does not implicitly commit the current transaction.

See also

Oracle Database SQL Language Reference for ALTER SYSTEM syntax and semantics

Embedded SQL Statements

Embedded SQL statements incorporate DDL, DML, and transaction control statements within a procedural language program. .

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Embedded statements are used with the Oracle precompilers. Embedded SQL is one approach to incorporating SQL in your procedural language applications. Another approach is to use a procedural API such as Open Database Connectivity (ODBC) or Java Database Connectivity (JDBC).

Embedded SQL statements enable you to:

• Define, allocate, and release a cursor (DECLARE CURSOR, OPEN, CLOSE).

• Specify a database and connect to it (DECLARE DATABASE, CONNECT).

• Assign variable names (DECLARE STATEMENT).

• Initialize descriptors (DESCRIBE).

• Specify how error and warning conditions are handled (WHENEVER).

• Parse and run SQL statements (PREPARE, EXECUTE, EXECUTE IMMEDIATE).

• Retrieve data from the database (FETCH).
  

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See also

"Introduction to Server-Side Programming" and "Client-Side APIs"